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Urinary Bladder and Renal Calculi in a 10-Year-Old Child

Urinary Bladder and Renal Calculi in a 10-Year-Old Child

Urinary Bladder and Renal Calculi in a 10-Year-Old Child: Flank pain in children is often overlooked or attributed to benign causes. However, it can sometimes indicate serious underlying conditions, such as urinary or renal calculi. This case report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, and successful management of a 10-year-old child with both a urinary bladder calculus and a right renal pelvis calculus.

Urinary Bladder and Renal Calculi in a 10-Year-Old Child

Patient Presentation A 10-year-old male presented to the Institute of Urology, Jaipur, with complaints of on-and-off right flank pain over the past few months. The child had no other significant medical history and was otherwise developmentally normal, achieving all milestones appropriate for his age.

Diagnostic Evaluation The following investigations were performed to determine the cause of the flank pain:

  1. X-ray KUB (Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder): Imaging revealed a urinary bladder calculus measuring approximately 24 mm and a right renal pelvis calculus measuring approximately 18 mm.
  2. Ultrasound (USG): Confirmed the presence of calculi, their size, and location. No other abnormalities were noted in the urinary tract.

These findings indicated the need for surgical intervention to relieve symptoms and prevent further complications.

Procedural Management Under the guidance of expert urologists Dr. M. Roychowdhury and Dr. Rajan Bansal, the child underwent the following procedures:

  1. Cystoscopy and Laser Lithotrity: The urinary bladder stone was fragmented using laser lithotripsy and removed.
  2. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A minimally invasive procedure was performed to remove the right renal pelvis stone. The nephrostomy tube was placed postoperatively for drainage.

The child tolerated the procedures well without any immediate complications.

Discussion This case underscores the importance of evaluating persistent or recurrent flank pain in children. While such symptoms may often be attributed to dietary or functional causes, the presence of significant calculi necessitates timely diagnostic imaging and intervention.

Both urinary bladder and renal stones can lead to serious complications, including urinary obstruction, infections, and renal impairment, if not addressed. Cystoscopy with laser lithotripsy and PCNL are highly effective, minimally invasive techniques that ensure stone removal while minimizing patient morbidity.

Outcome and Follow-Up Postoperative recovery was uneventful. On the scheduled review visit, the nephrostomy tube will be removed, and the DJ stent placed during the PCNL procedure will also be extracted. The patient and family were counseled on the importance of hydration and dietary modifications to prevent recurrence of stone formation.

Conclusion This case highlights the need for vigilance in addressing flank pain in pediatric patients. Early imaging and intervention can prevent long-term complications and improve quality of life. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of modern urological techniques in managing complex cases involving multiple calculi.

For more information on the treatment of bladder and kidney stones in children, visit Kidney Stone Treatment at Institute of Urology, Jaipur.

Acknowledgments We acknowledge the cooperation of the patient and his family, as well as the dedicated efforts of the medical team at the Institute of Urology, Jaipur, in ensuring successful treatment and recovery.

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